Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, a circular aperture in the roof of courtyard

Damascus, Khan Asʿad Basha al-ʿAzm, a circular aperture in the roof of courtyard

Carved and ornamented masonry, 1st category remains, in portal of Ujkhan, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.18-b_securing fallen remains

Carved and ornamented stone, 1st category remains, from portal of Ujkhan, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.18_1st category, carved and ornamented stone

Carved and ornamented stones, 1st category remains, from portal of Ujkhan, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.18-c_Carved and ornamented stones

Numbering application example for the courtyard floor into smaller sections, based on a plan of Bayt Ghazala, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.06_Bayt-Ghazala_room-02

Traditional Aleppian house

Traditional Aleppian house

Wakil house, interior façade of the upper floor

Wakil house, interior façade of the upper floor

A renovated Aleppine house in al-Jallum neighborhood

A renovated Aleppine house in al-Jallum neighborhood

A private Aleppine house

A private Aleppine house

Barada River in Old city of Damascus

Barada River in Old city of Damascus

Damascus Gate on the south eastern side of the City Wall, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

Damascus Gate on the south eastern side of the City Wall, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

Eastern side of Damascus Gate, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

Eastern side of Damascus Gate, Ebla (Tall Mardikh)

Exterior view of al-Bab ash-Sharqi (Eastern citygate), the eastern entrance to Old City of Damascus

Exterior view of al-Bab ash-Sharqi (Eastern citygate), the eastern entrance to Old City of Damascus

Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, Ibshir Mustafa Pasha and bathhouse of Bahram Pasha facades

Waqf of Ibshir Mustafa Pasha, Coffeehouse, Ibshir Mustafa Pasha and bathhouse of Bahram Pasha facades

Al-Bab ash-Sharqi (Eastern citygate), the eastern entrance to Old City of Damascus

Al-Bab ash-Sharqi (Eastern citygate), the eastern entrance to Old City of Damascus

Decorated wooden door of the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology

Decorated wooden door of the Damascus Room in the Dresden Museum for Ethnology

Ploughing at a grove in the Ghouta of Damascus

Ploughing at a grove in the Ghouta of Damascus

Ghuta of Damascus, artificial irrigation canal system

Ghuta of Damascus, artificial irrigation canal system

Ghuta of Damascus, an alley in one of the villages

Ghuta of Damascus, an alley in one of the villages

An orchard in the Ghuta of Damascus

An orchard in the Ghuta of Damascus

The North West Tower of Damascus Citadel

The North West Tower of Damascus Citadel

Maintenance work in the course of the Barada River, Damascus

Maintenance work in the course of the Barada River, Damascus

Ghuta of Damascus, olive trees in a grove

Ghuta of Damascus, olive trees in a grove

A concrete irrigation canal in the Ghouta of Damascus

A concrete irrigation canal in the Ghouta of Damascus

Ghuta of Damascus, an old irrigation canal, 1963

Ghuta of Damascus, an old irrigation canal, 1963

An olive grove in the Ghouta of Damascus

An olive grove in the Ghouta of Damascus

Damascus Gate, City Wall of Palmyra

Damascus Gate, City Wall of Palmyra

Arches in a house, the Ghouta of Damascus

Arches in a house, the Ghouta of Damascus

Left volute of the lintel, Damascus Gate, Palmyra

Left volute of the lintel, Damascus Gate, Palmyra

A villa under construction in the Ghuta of Damascus

A villa under construction in the Ghuta of Damascus